Pests & Diseases

The following is a list of some common problems, and no-spray measures to try; for spraying, consult a reliable nursery or other expert. Pesticides poison everything, not just the particular things you intend. In general, to remove fallen leaves and fruit is to minimize pests and disease; bugs over winter in the decaying leaves and fruits beneath your trees. Burn pruning clippings  to keep these pests away. Usually (but not always) predators fly and pests crawl, so wrapping greased or otherwise sticky paper around a tree trunk can be effective. Plants prone to fungus and water-related problems are usually pruned to maximize air flow and sunshine through the branches (see "pruning"). 

Some beneficial insects eat pollen and nectar as well as pests, and are attracted by plants with shallow blossoms so the plant's food is accessible without specialized mouthparts; most plants of the Asteracae ("sunflower") or Umbelliferae family qualify.  A predator eats other insects; a parasitic insect implants an egg inside the victim: the hatchling then eats the victim from the inside out, as in love.

  • Leaf spot (anthracnose): dead areas on bark & leaf. Prune out infected limbs, disinfecting tools in alcohol between cuts. Anthracnose is a bacteria that spreads in water, so prune in dry weather.
  • Aphids: swarms of tiny oval insects on undersides of leaves, leading to curling leaves, black stems. Blitz with lady bugs (or parasitic wasps) or spray off with hose.
  • Coddling moth: worms about 3/4" long, worm tunnels. Eliminate wormy windfalls. Supposedly, if you tie strips of corrugated cardboard around afflicted trees, they will fill up with coddling moth worms (and more), which you can then burn.
  • Curculios: scraped and tunneled fruit. Curculio are weevils. They are often host-specific; the plum curculio is most notorious. Control by hand picking or transcending the material plane.
  • Currant worm: eaten leaves, starting at base and progressing upward. Solve with hand search & destroy missions (i.e. pick them off with your fingers).
  • Fire-blight: dead, burnt-looking leaves. Prune infected limbs 12" below infection, disinfecting tools in alcohol between cuts. This is a disease of the rose family, e.g., apples, loquats, saskatoons, pears.
  • Fungi. The best way to discourage fungi is to maximize sun, air flow--an open shape. Prune away inward and crossing branches and all infected branches. Clean up fallen leaves where fungi persist, and water early in the morning rather than in the evening. Common kinds of fungi include rust, peach leaf curl, leaf spot, brown-rot, and verticillium.
  • Japanese beetles: defoliation. Grubs feed on roots for ten months before hatching in early summer. Control with parasitic wasps; one such wasp, tiphia popilliavara, is attracted by wild carrot (daucus carota).
  • Back to the Garden

     Hit Counter

    07/27/03

    Quick Links:  Index / Main Menu / Homesteading / Community / Gardening / Livestock / Milk & Cheese / Preserving Food / Butchering/Curing Meat / Holiday Fun / Sugar Mountain's Pre-Spoiled Premium Pets /